Melasma

Melasma is a common skin condition seen primarily on the face, characterized by the appearance of dark, discolored patches on the skin. These patches are usually brown or gray-brown and most commonly appear on the cheeks, forehead, nose, and upper lip. Melasma is more prevalent in women, particularly those with darker skin tones, and is often triggered by hormonal changes, such as those occurring during pregnancy or with the use of oral contraceptives. Other contributing factors include sun exposure, genetics, and certain medications. While melasma is harmless, it can cause cosmetic concerns and may require treatments to lighten the affected areas. Preventive measures, such as using sunscreen and protective clothing, are also crucial in managing the condition.